Science, Philosophy, & Religion
Articles

Compiled by: W. Huitt
Last Revised: April 2014

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I.  Introduction: Science, Religion, and Philosophy

• Agoshkova, E. (1998). Systems thinking in the twenty-first century. Paper presented at the Twentieth World Congress of Philosophy, in Boston, MA, August 10-15. Retrieved September 2009, from http://web.bu.edu/wcp/Papers/TKno/TKnoAgos.htm
• Boulding, K. E. (1956). General systems theory--the skeleton of science. Management Science, 2, 197-208. (Reprinted in E:CO, 6(1-2), 127-139, 2004). Retrieved April 2005, from http://emergentpublications.com/eco/ECO_other/Issue_6_1-2_18_CP.pdf
• D'Adamo, A. (2004). Science without bounds: A synthesis of science, religion, and mysticism. Retrieved July 2004, from http://www.adamford.com/swb/src/ScienceWithoutBounds.pdf
• Grassie, W. (2005). Universal reason: Science, religion, and the foundations of civil societies. Paper presented at the Institute for Wisdom and Philosophy, Tehran, Iran, May 9. Retrieved December 2009, from http://www.grassie.net/articles/2005_universalreason.html
• Hefner, P. (2006). Religion and science--Two way traffic? Zygon: Journal of Religion & Science, 41(1).  Retrieved September 2009, from http://www.zygonjournal.org/editorial_6.html
• Johnson, W., Johnson, A., & McKenna, J. (1999). Science and religion at a crossroads: An educational perspective. Quodlibet Online Journal, 1(6). Retrieved September 2009, from http://www.quodlibet.net/johnson-science.shtml
• Kenyon, T. (2007). Beyond science, philosophy, and religion. Retrieved March 2008, from http://www.tupelokenyon.com/2007/01/29/beyond-science-philosophy-and-religion/
• Myers, D. (2005). Psychological science meets the world of faith. APS Observer, 18(10). Retrieved September 2009, from http://psychologicalscience.org/observer/getArticle.cfm?id=1861
• Nicholi, A., Jr. (1999). The real issue: When worldviews collide. Part one. C.S. Lewis and Sigmund Freud: A comparison of their thoughts and viewpoints on life, pain and death. Addison, TX: Leadership U. Retrieved May 2002, from http://www.leaderu.com/real/ri9801/nicholi.html
• Vitz, P. (2005, March). Psychology in recovery. First Things, 151, 17-22. Retrieved April 2005, from http://www.firstthings.com/ftissues/ft0503/articles/vitz.html

II.  Methods of Science

• Evans, J. C. (2002). Science: A way of knowing. Fairfax, VA: George Mason University. Retrieved from http://physics.gmu.edu/~jevans/astr103/CourseNotes/science_aWayOfKnowing.html
• Kuhn, T. (1962). The nature and necessity of scientific revolutions. The structure of scientific revolutions. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. Retrieved July 2005, from http://www.marxists.org/reference/subject/philosophy/works/us/kuhn.htm
• Shuttleworth, M. (2009). History of the scientific method. Experiment Resources. Retrieved May, 2011, from http://www.experiment-resources.com/history-of-the-scientific-method.html
• Shuttleworth, M. (2011). Steps of the scientific method. Experiment Resources. Retrieved May 2011, from http://www.experiment-resources.com/index.html

III. Methods of Religion

• Bocking, B. (2012, June). What is the academic study of religions and why is it important? Irish Society for the Academic Study of Religions. Retrieved April 2014, from http://isasr.wordpress.com/about/what-is-the-academic-study-of-religion/
• Idinopulos, T. (1998). What is religion? Cross Currents, 48(3). Retrieved December 2000, from http://www.crosscurrents.org/whatisreligion.htm
• Warburg, M. (2001). Religious organizations in a global world: A comparative analysis. Retrieved May 2003, from the Center for Studies on New Religions,http://www.cesnur.org/2001/london2001/warburg.htm

IV. Methods of Philosophy

• Grassie, W. (2013, February 26). The great matrix of being. Huffington Post: Religion.  Retrieved December 2013, from http://www.huffingtonpost.com/william-grassie/the-great-matrix-of-being_b_2766181.html
• Holbling, H. (2004). What is philosophy? The Galilean. Retrieved December 2005 from http://www.galilean-library.org/site/index.php/page/index.html/_/essays/introducingphilosophy/1-what-is-philosophy-r18
• Jewell, R. (2012). Philosophy and basic beliefs. In Experiencing the humanities. Minneapolis, MN: University of Minnesota, Twin Cities. Retrieved March 2014, from http://www.tc.umn.edu/~jewel001/humanities/book/5philosophy.htm
• McIntosh, S. (2013, March 20). What is integral philosophy? [blog]. Retrieved March 2014, from http://www.stevemcintosh.com/blog/what-is-integral-philosophy/
• Oppy, G. (2003, Winter). Ontological arguments. In E. Zalta (Ed.), Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Stanford, CA: The Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University. Retrieved October 2004, from http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/ontological-arguments/
• Pearce, W. B. (2002). Systems: Schools of thought and traditions of practice. Redwood City, CA: Pearce Associates. Retrieved April 2005, from http://www.pearceassociates.com/essays/story_about_systems.pdf
• Pecorino, P. (2000). Introduction to philosophy. Bayside, NY: Queensborough Community College, CUNY. Retrieved December 2001, from http://www.qcc.cuny.edu/socialsciences/ppecorino/INTRO_TEXT/default.htm
• Rutherford, J. (1999). A framework of analysis for moral and political philosophy. Journal of Consciousness Studies, 6(10). Retrieved December 2004, from http://www.organicparadigm.com/index.html
• Smith, D. (2008). Phenomenology. In E. Zalta (Ed.),  Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Stanford, CA: The Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University. Retrieved August 2010, from http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/phenomenology/
• Stapp, H. (2006). Quantum interactive dualism: An alternative to materialism. Journal of Consciousness. Studies, 12(11), 43-58. (Reprinted in Zygon 41, #2 September 2006. 599-615.) Retrieved December 2008, from http://www-physics.lbl.gov/~stapp/QID.pdf
• Wilson, D. S., & Green, W. S. (2007). Evolutionary religious studies (ERS): A beginner's guide. (Draft). Binghamton, NY: Evolutionary Religious Studies Project. Retrieved September 2012, from http://evolution.binghamton.edu/religion/wp-content/uploads/2009/09/BeginnersGuide.pdf

V. Organizing Knowledge -- Philosophy & Science

• Abrams, N., & Primack, J. (2007). The view from the centre of the universe. Popular Science. Retrieved April 2011, from http://www.popularscience.co.uk/features/feat24.htm
• Boulding, K. E. (1956). General systems theory--the skeleton of science. Management Science, 2, 197-208. (Reprinted in E:CO, 6(1-2), 127-139, 2004). Retrieved April 2005, from http://emergentpublications.com/eco/ECO_other/Issue_6_1-2_18_CP.pdf
• Hutchingson, J. (1981). Organization and process: Systems philosophy and Whiteheadian metaphysics. Process Studies, 11(4), 226-241. Retrieved April 2005, from http://www.religion-online.org/showarticle.asp?title=2501
• Pearce, W. B. (2002). Systems: Schools of thought and traditions of practice. Redwood City, CA: Pearce Associates. Retrieved April 2005, from http://www.pearceassociates.com/essays/story_about_systems.pdf
• Rescher, N. (2002). Process philosophy. In E. Zalta (Ed.), The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Stanford, CA: The Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University. Retrieved February 2005, from  http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/process-philosophy/
• Wilber, K. (1997). The spectrum of consciousness: Integral psychology and the perennial philosophy. The Order of Time. Retrieved September 2009, from http://www.theorderoftime.com/science/sciences/articles/spectrumofcons.html

VI. Organizing Knowledge -- Philosophy & Religion

• Faber, R. (2008). On the lively afterlife of process philosophies of religion. Retrieved April 2014 from http://faber.whiteheadresearch.org/files/FaberR-On_the_Lively_Afterlife.pdf
• Jones, R. (2003). Philosophy and the proof of the existence of God. Retrieved October 2004, from http://www.philosopher.org.uk/god.htm

VII. Organizing Knowledge -- Science & Religion

• Barnes, W. (2004). O man of two visions: The harmony of secular and sacred knowledge. Paper presented at the Forum for Integrated Education and Educational Reform sponsored by the Council for Global Integrative Education, Santa Cruz, CA, October 28-30. Retrieved December 2004, from http://www.edpsycinteractive.org/CGIE/barnes.pdf
• Bloom, P. (2008, November 7). Does religion make you nice? Does atheism make you mean? Slate. Retrieved November 2008, fromhttp://www.slate.com/id/2203614/pagenum/1
• Choi, H. (2001). Knowledge of the unseen: A new vision for science and religion dialogue. Perspectives on Science and Christian Faith, 53(2), 96-101. Retrieved August 2007, from http://www.asa3.org/asa/PSCF/2001/PSCF6-01Choi.html
• Dager. C. (1987). Psychology: Science or religion? Retrieved December 1999, from http://www.rapidnet.com/~jbeard/bdm/Psychology/psych.htm
• Einstein, A. (1941). Science and religion. Science, Philosophy and Religion, A Symposium. The Conference on Science, Philosophy and Religion in Their Relation to the Democratic Way of Life, Inc., New York. Retrieved May 2002, from http://www.update.uu.se/~fbendz/library/ae_scire.htm
• Fraizer, L. (2001, September). Science and religion 2001: Introductory thoughts. Skeptical Inquirer. Retrieved March 2002, http://www.csicop.org/si/2001-09/intro.html
• Frey, T. (2014, April 10). Which requires more faith, science or religion? FuturistSpeaker [blog]. Retrieved April 2014 from http://www.futuristspeaker.com/2014/04/which-requires-more-faith-science-or-religion/
• Goertzel, B. (1996). Unification of science and spirit: Hyperrealism. Retrieved December 2007, from http://goertzel.org/books/spirit/contents.htm 
• Myers, D. (2005). Psychological science meets the world of faith. APS Observer, 18(10). Retrieved August 2008, from http://www.psychologicalscience.org/index.php/uncategorized/psychological-science-meets-the-world-of-faith.html 
• Nicholi, A., Jr. (1999). The real issue: When worldviews collide. Part one. C.S. Lewis and Sigmund Freud: A comparison of their thoughts and viewpoints on life, pain and death. Addison, TX: Leadership U. Retrieved May 2002, from http://www.leaderu.com/real/ri9801/nicholi.html
• Regni, C. (1993). God and science. St. Peter's Church, Nottingham, England on-line magazine. Retrieved December 1999, from http://www.stpetersnottingham.org/theology/godandscience.htm
• Russell, R. (2000). Theology and science: Current issues and future directions. Counterbalance Meta Library. Retrieved April 2005, from http://www.meta-library.net/rjr/index-frame.html
• Sessions, D. (2014, March 23). How 'Comos' bungles the history of religion and science. The Daily Beast. Retrieved from http://www.thedailybeast.com/articles/2014/03/23/how-cosmos-bungles-the-history-of-religion-and-science.html
• Sharpe, K. (1988). Relating the physics and religion of David Bohm. Revision of paper delivered at the Annual Summer Conference of Institute on Religion in an Age of Science (IRAS), Star Island, New Hampshire, July-August. Retrieved April 2012, from http://www.ksharpe.com/word/BM05.htm
• Singh, T. D. (2005). Hinduism and science. Paper prepared for Science and Religion: Global Perspectives, Philadelphia, June 4-8.
• Stein, R.. & Stein, P. (2008). Anthropology and the study of religion. In Anthropology of religion, magic, and witchcraft (2nd ed.). [Chapter 1, pp. 5-30]. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson. Retrieved April 2014, from http://www.pearsonhighered.com/samplechapter/0131893033.pdf
• Verhoeven, M. (2001). Buddhism and science: Probing the boundaries of faith and reason. Religion East and West, 1, 77-97. Retrieved September 2006, fromhttp://online.sfsu.edu/~rone/Buddhism/VerhoevenBuddhismScience.htm
• Wilson, D. S., & Green, W. S. (2007). Evolutionary religious studies (ERS): A beginner's guide. (Draft). Binghamton, NY: Evolutionary Religious Studies Project. Retrieved September 2012, from http://evolution.binghamton.edu/religion/wp-content/uploads/2009/09/BeginnersGuide.pdf

VIII. The Origins of Reality

• Faber, R. (2002). De-ontologizing God: Levinas, Deleuze and Whitehead. In C. Keller and A. Daniels (Eds.), Difference and process. Between cosmological and poststructuralist postmodernism (pp. 209-234. New York: SUNY.  Retrieved April 2014, from http://faber.whiteheadresearch.org/files/FaberR-De-Ontologizing_God.pdf
• Maritain, J. (1959). God and science. Retrieved March 2005, from http://www.ewtn.com/library/THEOLOGY/JM2404.HTM
• Oppy, G. (2003, Winter). Ontological arguments. In E. Zalta (Ed.), Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Stanford, CA: The Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University. Retrieved October 2004, from http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/ontological-arguments/

IX. Principles of Knowledge Into Action

• Brockett, R., & Hiemstra, R. (1991). A conceptual framework for understanding self-direction in adult learning (Chapter 2). Self-Direction in Adult Learning: Perspectives on Theory, Research, and Practice (18-33). London and New York: Routledge. Retrieved December 2003, from http://www.infed.org/archives/e-texts/hiemstra_self_direction.htm
• Fischer, K., & Bidell, T. (2005). Dynamic development of action, thought, and emotion. In R. Lerner (Ed.), Theoretical models of human development (6th ed., Vol. 1). New York: Wiley. Retrieved September 2009, fromhttp://www.gse.harvard.edu/~ddl/articlesCopy/FischerBidellProofsCorrected.0706.pdf
• Prochaska, J. M., Prochaska, J. O., & Johnson, S. (2006). Assessing readiness for adherence to treatment. In W. O'Donohue & E. Levensky (Eds.), Promoting treatment adherence: A practical handbook for health care providers (pp. 35-46). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage. Retrieved December 2008,from http://www.sagepub.com/upm-data/11866_Chapter_3.pdf
• Slagter, H., Davidson, R., & Lutz, A. (2011). Mental training as a tool in the neuroscientific study of brain and cognitive plasticity. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 5(17). Retrieved October 2012, from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3039118/ 
• Stewart, J. (2009). Strategies for advancing evolution. Brussels: The Free University of Brussels. Retrieved May 2011, from http://www.evolutionarymanifesto.com/strategies.pdf

X. Personal, Institutional, Community Development

• Baumgartner, L. (2001). Four adult developmental theories and their implications for practice. Focus on Basics, 5(B). Retrieved September 2009, from http://www.ncsall.net/?id=268
• Harper, S. (Ed.). (2000). The lab, the temple, and the market: Reflections at the intersection of science, religion, and development. Ottawa, Ontario, CA: International Development Research Centre. Retrieved December 2006, from http://www.idrc.ca/en/ev-9418-201-1-DO_TOPIC.html
• Grassie, W. (2005). Universal reason: Science, religion, and the foundations of civil societies. Paper presented at the Institute for Wisdom and Philosophy, Tehran, Iran, May 9. Retrieved December 2009, from http://www.grassie.net/articles/2005_universalreason.html

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